Lagu daro la taaban karo oo khafiif ah | Wakiilada Xumbaynta Waxqabadka Sare ee Shabka Gacanta
Dhismaha injineernimada tunnel-ka casriga ah, shotcrete waa dammaanad muhiim ah si loo hubiyo xawaaraha dhismaha, iyo dardargelinta wakiilka waa furaha tignoolajiyada shotcrete. Xawaaraha la taaban karo waa isku-dar ka dhigi kara meel la taaban karo oo si degdeg ah u adkeyn kara. Noocyada ugu muhiimsan waa cusbada aan organic iyo walxaha organic. Powdery adag, qiyaasteedu waxay ku xisaabtamaysaa kaliya 2% ~ 3% ka kooban sibidhka ee shubka ah, laakiin waxay ku samayn kartaa la taaban karo 5daqiiqo goob bilowga ah, Dardariyaha shubka ah gudaha 12min gudahood.Si loo gaaro ujeedada dayactirka degdega ah ama dejinta degdega ah ee shubka ee shabka, samaynta xoog ku filan waqti aad u gaaban si loo hubiyo shuruudaha gaarka ah ee dhismaha.
Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan:
1. Hydroxide of alkali earth metal carbonate iyo alkali earth birta
Kaarboonaydhka dhulka ee budada ah ama hydroxides ayaa si naadir ah loogu isticmaali jiray dhismaha xabbadda ka hor. Waxay yihiin dardariyeyaasha ugu badan ee la isticmaalo nooca shubka ah., oo leh qiyaasta caadiga ah ee 2.5% ku 6% miisaanka sibidhka. Waxay inta badan kor u qaadaan fuuq-celinta C3S. Guud ahaan waxay ku daraan qadar yar oo kaarboon aluminium ah, waxay saamayn kartaa wakhtiga dejinta sibidhka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Saamaynta waxa la arki karaa oo kaliya marka qiyaaso badan lagu daro, ganaax, wax lagu daro macdanta iyo heerkulka deegaanka.
2. Silicate Alkali, sodium silicate, dardargeliyaha nooca silicate potassium
Inta badan loo isticmaalo shotcrete isku dhafka qoyan, inta badan waa dareere, iyo qadar badan oo isku dhafan (> 10% miisaanka walxaha sibidhka).Silicate-ka milmaya ayaa soo da'aya natiijada falcelinta samaynta calcium silicate.Marka loo isticmaalo qiyaaso badan, xinjirayaashani waxay yareeyaan xoogga adhesion ee saldhigga, iyo ugu dambeyntii, u horseeda hoos u dhaca xoogga la taaban karo iyo yaraanta qallalan ee daran.Sababahan awgood, qiyaasta ugu badan ee dardargeliyahaan kama badna 15%, iyo khasaaraha ugu dambeeya ee xoogga uu ku kooban yahay wax ka yar 30%.
3. Sodium aluminium, potassium aluminium, aluminate dardariyaha shubka ah
Horey u isticmaali kartaa isku darka qalalan, isticmaali kartaa mashruuca shotcrete isku dhafka qoyan mar kale, qiyaasta caadiga ah la isticmaalo waa 2.5% ~ 5.5% Caadi ahaan.Potassium aluminate wuxuu leeyahay saameyn ka wanaagsan kan sodium aluminate, Laakiin sidoo kale waa kharash badan. Waxay inta badan si toos ah ugu lug leeyihiin fuuq-celinta sibidhka Portland waxayna dardargeliyaan dejinta sibidhka, ku xiran gypsum, ka hortagga samaynta ettringite ee dusha sare ee qaybaha sibidhka, iyo samaynta C3A si degdeg ah uga fal-celiso, soo saarida xoogga bilowga ah ee looga baahan yahay inta badan shotcrete. Saamayntooda waxaa badanaa saameeya isku dhafka kiimikada, ganaaxa sibidhka iyo waxyaalaha macdanta lagu daro ee ku jira, laakiin saamayntani way ka yar tahay tan lagu arkay waxyaalaha lagu daro karbonat-ka 20% ilaa 25%.Shaki kuma jiro in wakiilka dardargelinta aluminate uu leeyahay saamaynta codsiga ugu fiican ee qoyan ee isku dhafka ah ee injineernimada shotcrete oo uu leeyahay saameyn dhisme oo wanaagsan oo ku saabsan guddiga dahaarka qaro weyn iyo xataa guddiga saqafka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee., Mawduuca alkaligu ku badan yahay iyo khatarta caafimaad ee uu keeno dhismaha dhulka hoostiisa ayaa ah arrimaha ugu waaweyn ee xaddidaya codsigiisa., waxaa jira xoogaa dhibaatooyin ah codsiga injineernimada ee sulfuric acid iyo wadarta firfircoon, kan dambe waxa laga yaabaa inuu dhaco falcelin wadareedka alkali.
4. Darwariyaha shubka dareeraha ah ee bilaashka ah ee Alkali
Dareeraha alkali – xawaaraha bilaashka ah, Baaxadda codsigeedu maaha mid aad u ballaadhan. Noocan ah xinjirowga ayaa xallin kara dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee dardargeliyaha alkaline., sida waxyeelada deegaanka dhismaha dhulka hoostiisa, waxyeelada loo geysto falcelinta wadareedka alkali, waxyeelada qiimaha pH-ga sare ee habka isticmaalka iyo luminta xoogga dambe ee shotcrete.
Cie-China.org waa hormoodka bixiyayaasha xumbo-samaynta la taaban karo ee bixiya wakiilka xumbo-samaynta, superplasticizer,xoojinta xoogga shubka xumbo ee shubka fudud, CLC blocks. Haddii aad raadinayso superplasticizer, fadlan xor u noqo nala soo xidhiidh.