Ungawathuthukisa Kanjani Amandla Kakhonkolo Ongasindi Ngokuphumelelayo

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwethulwa kwama-pores ku-concrete engasindi kunikeza ukhonkolo ojwayelekile ngezakhiwo ezifana nesisindo esincane, ukufakwa komsindo, ukulondolozwa kokushisa kanye ne-fluidity ephezulu, ezingatholakali kukhonkolo evamile.Njengoba i-porosity kakhonkolo engasindi ngokuvamile ifika 50%-70%, futhi ububanzi bembotshana bungaphezu 10 ama-microns, amandla kakhonkolo ongasindi aphansi kakhulu kunalawo okhonkolo ojwayelekile.Njengokhonkolo ojwayelekile, amandla okhonkolo we-foam akulona inani elinqunyiwe, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-gelled material, umthamo usimende, isilinganiso sengxube kakhonkolo, umthamo wamanzi usimende, igwebu (i.e., umthamo wekhwalithi ehlukene), i-ejenti yokuphefumula, uhlelo lokuphulukisa kanye nezinye izithasiselo zikakhonkolo ezisetshenziswa noma cha zingathinta amandla kakhonkolo wegwebu.

1.Umthelela wokuxuba isilinganiso

Ukukhiqizwa kukakhonkolo ongasindi ngokuyinhloko usimende, i-ejenti ekhipha amagwebu njengento eyinhloko, ngezinye izikhathi ingase yengeze izinto ezixubile (njenge-silica fume, i-slag, fly umlotha, njll.), futhi ingase yengeze isamba esihle (isihlabathi), engeza izinto ezahlukene ngomthelela we-foam ukhonkolo akufani!(1) esimweni sokuqala, izinto eziyinhloko zikasimende kanye ne-ejenti enegwebu zisetshenziswa kuphela, nezinye izinto ezisizayo azifakwa.Lesi simo silula uma kuqhathaniswa, liphakeme izinga lamandla usimende osetshenzisiwe, umthamo owengeziwe, kunamandla ukhonkolo ongasindi olungisiwe.Ngakho-ke, Kumelwe kukhethwe usimende wezinga eliphezulu lamandla lapho umhlabathi onegwebu oqinile kulindeleke ukuba ulungiswe.(2) esimweni sesibili, izinto ezixubile ziyengezwa: ukwengezwa kwezinto ezixubile kuzonciphisa kakhulu amandla okuqala okukhonkolo okungasindi, kuyilapho ithonya emandleni akamuva lingabalulekile.Ukwehliswa kwamandla okuqala kungancishiswa uma i-exciter yamandla efanelekile yengezwa.Uma ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezixubile ze-ultrafine, njenge-silica fume, i-ultrafine yokugaya i-slag powder, amandla ehla kancane, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho anda.(3) okwesithathu ukuxuba isihlabathi njenge-aggregate ecolekile, amandla okhonkolo we-foam ngokomthetho azoncishiswa abe ngamazinga ahlukene, kodwa ukuxuba kwesihlabathi kuyoba usizo kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwevolumu yekhonkrithi ye-foam eqinile, nciphisa ukuncipha.Ekwakhiweni kwangempela, izinto ezixubile nesihlabathi kuvame ukuxutshwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngakho-ke, kukhona uhla olufanele lokuxuba isilinganiso sikakhonkolo ongasindi, okudingeka kunqunywe ngokuhambisana nokuhlolwa.

2. Umthelela wesilinganiso samanzi nosimende

Uma kuphela kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kwezinguquko zesakhiwo sangaphakathi sikakhonkolo oqinile ongasindi, ukwanda kwesilinganiso samanzi nosimende nakanjani kuzoholela ekwehleni kwamandla kakhonkolo angasindi.Nokho, inani elikhulu lokuhlola liye lafakazela ukuthi lapho isilinganiso samanzi-samende sikhuphuka ebangeni elithile, amandla kakhonkolo ongasindi awehli, kodwa ikhombisa umkhuba okhulayo.

Ukulungiswa kwekhonkrithi engasindi kuhlukile kukhonkolo evamile.Ukuze wethule igwebu ngokulinganayo ku-slurry usimende bese usakaza ngokulinganayo ohlelweni lwekhonkrithi engasindi., i-slurry kasimende iyadingeka ukuze ibe noketshezi oluhle.Isilinganiso esiphezulu samanzi-samende yisimo esidingekayo sokuqinisekisa ukugeleza okuhle kodaka lukasimende.Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma izinyathelo zobuchwepheshe ezifanele zithathwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe uketshezi oluhle lwe-slurry ngaphansi kwesimo sesilinganiso esiphansi samanzi-samende, amandla aphezulu ukhonkolo ongasindi nakho kungalungiswa.Eqinisweni, lapho ukuminyana kwevolumu kokuqukethwe kukasimende kakhonkolo ongasindi kungashintshwa, okuqukethwe kwesihlabathi kanye negwebu kuzokwehla nakanjani, okuholela ekwehleni kwe-porosity kakhonkolo oqinile ongasindi, okuphinde kube ngesinye sezizathu ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa kwamandla kakhonkolo angasindi lapho isilinganiso samanzi nosimende sikhula.

3. Umthelela wokuminyana kwevolumu

Okuncane komthamo wevolumu kakhonkolo ongasindi, amandla aphansi.Amandla kakhonkolo ongasindi nokuminyana okuthile angahluka ebangeni elikhulu lapho isilinganiso sokuxuba., isilinganiso samanzi nosimende nezinye izimo zenqubo ziyashintsha.

4. Umthelela wesistimu yokonga

Uhlelo lokwelapha kusenesikhathi lubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni namandla okugcina kakhonkolo ongasindi. Usimende wamanzi wokubumba ukhonkolo ongasindi mkhulu uma uqhathaniswa, ngakho, ukuqinisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kusenesikhathi, vimbela ukulahleka kwamanzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu hhayi nje kuphela emandleni kakhonkolo ongasindi kodwa futhi nasekuvimbeleni ukuqhekeka kukakhonkolo oqinile..

5. Ithonya lezithasiselo zekhonkrithi

Izixube ezisetshenziswa kukhonkolo ongasindi kakhulu zihlanganisa isinciphisi samanzi esiqalisi samandla usimende kanye ne-ejenti egwaza., okunganciphisa izinga lokuncishiswa kwamandla okuqala kakhonkolo ongasindi, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-activator ngokuvamile kuzonciphisa amandla okugcina kakhonkolo ongasindi.

I-superplasticizer kakhonkolo yenza ukhonkolo ongasindi ukuthi uhlanganise ngempumelelo i-slurry negwebu ngisho nasezingeni eliphansi likasimende wamanzi ukuze kukhiqizwe ukhonkolo ongasindi ngisho nokusabalalisa igwebu., ukwengeza inani elifanele lokusebenza kahle superplasticizer ingenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokulungisa ukhonkolo wamandla aphezulu angasindi.Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi intengo yesinciphisi samanzi ibiza kakhulu futhi esinye isinciphisi samanzi kanye ne-ejenti ekhipha amagwebu kwezinye izici zomphumela ophambene.Ngakho-ke uhlobo nenani le-superplasticizer kufanele kunqunywe ukuhlolwa..

I-Cie-China.org ingumhlinzeki oholayo wezithasiselo zikakhonkolo wegwebu ohlinzeka nge-ejenti yokugwedla ukhonkolo, superplasticizer,isithuthukisi samandla kakhonkolo wegwebu kukhonkolo ongasindi, Amabhulokhi e-CLC. Uma ufuna i-superplasticizer, sicela ukhululeke Xhumana nathi.