Funda Ngethonya Le-Superplasticizer Ezimpahleni Zekhonkolo

Ithonya indlela ye superplasticizer ngezakhiwo ezikhonkolo

I-Superplasticizer iwuhlobo lwezinto zokwakha, ekusetshenzisweni kwegwebu namabhamuza namanye amagwebu e-sol, futhi banezici ezahlukene kanye nendlela yokwakheka, kubangelwa ionic superplasticizer. Ngemuva kokungeza i-superplasticizer kumxube wekhonkrithi, i-superplasticizer izokhanga phezu kwezinhlayiya zikasimende. Ngokuvamile, mayelana 80% ye-superplasticizer izokhangiswa yizinhlayiya zikasimende, ukuze bakwazi ukugcina isimo sokuhlanganisa isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokusabalalisa. Uma ungangezi i-superplasticizer, ukhonkolo uzoba nenani elithile lokuqukethwe kwegesi (mayelana 2%), okwakhiwa ubukhulu bubble ayilingani, futhi ukusatshalaliswa akulingani kakhulu. Ngemuva kokungeza i-superplasticizer kukhonkolo, ukusatshalaliswa kwemingcele yekhonkrithi kungagcina izakhiwo ezinhle futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kokukhonkolo, njengamandla okuqina kakhonkolo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukwengeza i-superplasticizer ekuxubeni ukhonkolo kuzosiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ekuxubeni ukhonkolo. Amabhamuza amancane e-sol air akhiqizwa azosiza ukugcwalisa ama-micro-pores kukhonkolo, ngcono kakhulu anti-permeability ukhonkolo, futhi ithuthukise amandla ayo amakhemikhali e-anti-corrosion kanye nekhono lokulwa nokuguga. I-superplasticizer ingahlanganiswa nokufuduka kwamanzi mahhala kwezinto zangaphakathi, esiza ekwehliseni ingcindezi ye-superplasticizer emile futhi ithuthukise ukumelana kukakhonkolo emjikelezweni wokuqhwanda ophindaphindayo. I-Superplasticizer inganciphisa ijubane lokusabela kwe-hydration likasimende phakathi nesiteji sekwephuzile, thuthukisa amandla kasimende futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kwawo okulwa nokwanda. Ngakho-ke, lapho uhlanganisa ukhonkolo, ngaphezu kokucabangela isihlabathi, itshe, usimende nezinye izinto ezijwayelekile, ukungezwa okufanele kwenani elithile le-superplasticizer ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kokusebenza okukhonkolo.

1) Umthelela we-superplasticizer ekuweni kokhonkolo osanda kuxutshwa

Lapho uhlaziya ukusebenza kahle kanye ne-fluidity kakhonkolo, inkomba esemqoka kakhulu wukwehla. Inani elikhulu, ngcono fluidity of ukhonkolo. Ukulahleka kwe-slump kusho umehluko phakathi kokuwohloka kukakhonkolo okukalwa futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile kanye nokuwa kwayo kokuqala.. Izinto ezinomthelela zihlanganisa usimende, izici ezihlanganisiwe kanye nesilinganiso sikasimende wamanzi, njll. Uhlobo lwe-superplasticizer nalo luyisici esibalulekile esinomthelela. Ekuqaleni kwemizuzu engama-30, I-naphthalene series superplasticizer ibe nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kokhonkolo, accounting for 60%, kulandele melamine uchungechunge superplasticizer ejenti (30%) kanye ne-polycarboxylic acid series superplasticizer (20%), okwakubonisa ukuthi uchungechunge lwe-polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer lwalunokuvikelwa kokuwa kokhonkolo okungcono kakhulu. Kusukela kumshini wayo wokwakheka, umnyango we-polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer ezintweni zikakhonkolo zizokhangiswa phezu kukasimende, ngokwendlela ye-trapezoidal ivumela ungqimba lukasimende lwe-polymer adsorption lwe-electrostatic repulsion more dispersive effect., ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwayo, ngakho-ke ukhonkolo wengeza uhlelo lwe-polycarboxylic acid ngemuva kwe-superplasticizer, kunganciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kokuwohloka.

(2) Umthelela we-superplasticizer emandleni acindezelayo kakhonkolo osanda kuxutshwa.

Amandla kakhonkolo owakhiwe izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-superplasticizer anemiphumela ehlukene. Ngokusebenzisa i-superplasticizer, kunganciphisa kakhulu ukuxutshwa kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuxuba ukhonkolo, ngcono izinga le-hydration likasimende, ngcono ukhonkolo unyaka ngamunye (3 d, 7 d futhi 28 d) umfutho, kungaba kusuka kokuthathu kuhlanganisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwe-superplasticizer yamandla okucindezela ukhonkolo ayephezulu kakhulu kunalawo amandla okucindezela kakhonkolo angenalutho, 3 d, 7 d, futhi 28 d izinga lokukhuphuka kwamandla acindezelayo liphezulu njenge 15%, 20%, futhi 30% ngokulandelana. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlobo lukakhonkolo olunamandla okucindezela aphakeme kakhulu ekuqaleni kwakuwukhonkolo oxutshwe ne-polyhydroxy acid superplasticizer, futhi inani layo lamandla acindezelayo nalo laliphezulu kakhulu ngemva kwalokho 28 izinsuku. Nokho, ukhonkolo owenziwe nge-naphthalene series superplasticizer unamandla aphansi okucindezelayo ekuqaleni, okukhombisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwayo kwamandla okuqala kuncane kakhulu.

(3) Umthelela we-superplasticizer ekusebenzeni kokuqala kokuqhekeka kukakhonkolo osanda kuxutshwa

Ukusabela ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kuzokwenzeka phakathi kukakhonkolo nezixube, usimende, kanye nezixube. Uhlobo lwe-superplasticizer lukukhonkolo okuthi uhlobo oluthile lwendawo usimende lwakha ukuwohloka okuncane, zivela kolunye uhlobo lukasimende nokho ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kakhulu kungase kubonakale, azikho ngakho i-superplasticizer enomphumela omuhle kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lukasimende. Ekuhlolweni kwangempela kwekhwalithi yekhonkrithi, izinkomba zokuhlola ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ikakhulukazi zifaka ukwehla okuphathekayo namandla, kodwa kulula ukungazinaki ukuzinza kwevolumu kakhonkolo, kulula ukufaka imifantu yokuncipha kwasekuqaleni, ingase isheshise ukuqhekeka kukakhonkolo, kuthinte ukuqina nokuphepha kwesakhiwo sokwakha. Kusukela ezicini ezithinta ukuqhekeka kokuqala kokhonkolo, ngaphezu kwesivinini somoya kanye nezinga lokushisa elizungezile, uhlobo kanye nenani lokuxutshwa nakho kuyizici ezibaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi ububanzi obuphezulu bokuqhekeka nendawo yokuqhekeka kukakhonkolo okwakhiwa i-melamine-based superplasticizer kuncane kakhulu, phakathi kwayo indawo yokuqhekeka kukhona kuphela 76% yenani elihambisanayo le-polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer kanye 52% yenani elihambisanayo le-naphthalene superplasticizer. Ubukhulu bobubanzi bokuqhekeka babucishe bube 40% yenani elihambisanayo le-polycarboxylic acid ne-naphthalene superplasticizer. Esikhathini sokuqala sokuqhekeka kukakhonkolo, umthelela wezinhlobonhlobo ze-admixture awubalulekile, okuhlobene nokwakheka kwenhlanganisela nezinye izici.

(4) Umthelela we-superplasticizer ekuqineni kokhonkolo osanda kuxutshwa

I-Superplasticizer ekuqineni kukakhonkolo inomthelela omkhulu, ikakhulukazi kubonakaliswa njenge: (1) umthelela wokumelana nokuncibilika kwesithwathwa sikakhonkolo. Ngenxa yesilinganiso esincane samanzi nosimende, kungcono ukumelana neqhwa lokuncibilika kukakhonkolo. Ngokungeza i-superplasticizer enomphumela wokungena emoyeni, ukumelana neqhwa lokuncibilika kukakhonkolo kuthuthukiswa kakhulu. Umthamo wokungenisa umoya kufanele ulawulwe cishe 2%, futhi inani eliphezulu akufanele lidlule 6%. Kungenjalo, amandla nokuqina kukakhonkolo kuzothinteka kabi.

(2) ithonya lokungafinyeleli okukhonkolo. Isilinganiso samanzi nosimende, njengesici esiyinhloko esithinta ukungagxili kukakhonkolo, uma inani layo likhulu kune 0.55, izodlula ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kasimende hydration futhi yakhe izimbobo eziningi ukopha kukhonkolo, okwandisa permeability ukhonkolo. Uma isilinganiso samanzi nosimende sincane kakhulu, ukusebenza kukakhonkolo kuzothinteka futhi ukunqanda ukuvuthwa kukakhonkolo kuzothinteka kabi.

I-Cie-China.org ingumhlinzeki oholayo wezithasiselo zikakhonkolo wegwebu ohlinzeka nge-ejenti yokugwedla ukhonkolo, superplasticizer,isithuthukisi samandla kakhonkolo wegwebu kukhonkolo ongasindi, Amabhulokhi e-CLC. Uma ufuna i-ejenti ekhihlizayo, sicela ukhululeke Xhumana nathi.