Li-additives tsa Konkreite tse bobebe | Li-Agents tse Foaming tse Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa bakeng sa Konkreite ea Cellular
Ke eng metsi karo-karolelano ea samente?
Karolelano ea samente ea metsi e bolela tekanyo ea boima ba metsi a sebelisoang motsoakong oa konkreite ho ea ho bongata ba samente.. Ha lisebelisoa tsa constituent li khethoa, tekanyo ea samente ea metsi ke eona parameter e ka sehloohong e khethollang matla, ho tšoarella le lintho tse ling tsa 'mele le tsa mochini tsa konkreite.
1.Tšusumetso ea metsi karo-karolelano ea samente holim'a matla a konkreite
Karolelano ea samente ea metsi e ama ka ho toba matla a konkreite. Ha tekanyo ea samente ea metsi e le khōlō, likaroloana tsa samente motsoako oa konkreite li batla li le nyenyane, 'me sebaka se pakeng tsa likaroloana se batla se le seholo. Colloid e hlahisoang ke hydration ha e lekane ho tlatsa likheo pakeng tsa likaroloana. Holim'a moo, Metsi a mangata haholo a fetoha mouoane 'me a siea likheo tse ngata tsa metsi, se fokotsang matla a konkreite. Ho fapana le moo, ha molora wa metsi o batla o le monyane, sebaka se pakeng tsa makumane a samente se nyane, the colloid produced by cement hydration is easy to fill the gaps between the particles, the water and air left after evaporation are also low, and the concrete strength is high. Leha ho le joalo, a too low water-cement ratio will cause too little water and difficulty in hydration of the cement. Part of the cement cannot be fully hydrated, which is not conducive to the improvement of strength.
2.Tšusumetso ea metsi cement ratio on the workability of concrete
The water-cement ratio decreases, the consistency of the slurry increases, the fluidity of the concrete mixture decreases, the mixture becomes astringent, and it is difficult to vibrate and compact. Ka nako ena, more additives are needed to improve workability and improve the construction performance of concrete. The water-cement ratio becomes larger, the consistency of the slurry becomes thinner, le hoja metsi a ntse a eketseha, momahano le ho boloka metsi ho mpefala, lebelo la ho teba la kakaretso le fetoha kapele, 'me motsoako oa konkreite o sekametse ho delamination, karohano le ho tsoa mali Ketsahalo ena e ama ka botebo matla le ho tšoarella ha konkreite.
3.Tšusumetso ea metsi karo-karolelano ea samente holim'a konkreite durability
Ho tšoarella ha konkreite ke bokhoni ba konkreite ho hanela tšenyo e fapaneng ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale tlasa tikoloho ea ts'ebeliso, e amang polokeho le tshebetso ya sebopeho ka kotloloho, ho kenyeletsoa ho se kenellehe, ho hanyetsa serame, khoholeho ea lik'hemik'hale le karabelo ea alkali-aggregate, etc. Karolelano ea molora e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho tšoarella ha konkreite.
(1) Tšusumetso ho carbonization ea konkreite
Concrete carbonation e bolela ts'ebetso eo CO2 moeeng e arohanang ka har'a konkreite. Ho nahana ka lintlha tsa konkreite ka boeona, sekhahla sa carbonation se angoa ke bongata ba samente kapa likahare tsa Ca(OH)2 lejoeng la samente le ho kopana ha konkreite. Ka lehlakore le le leng, e nyane boholo ba samente ka konkreite, e nyane palo ea Ca(OH)2 e hlahisoang ke hydration, e nyane kganetso ya ho phatlalla, le lebelo la ho etsa carbonization ka potlako. Ka hlakoreng le leng, ha tekanyo ea metsi-samente e eketseha, porosity ea konkreite ea eketseha, mokoloko oa fokotseha, mme sekhahla sa carbonization se eketseha. Ho fapana le moo, tekanyo ea samente ea metsi ea fokotseha, boima ba konkreite boa eketseha, porosity ea fokotseha, 'me lebelo la carbonization le lieha.
(2) Tšusumetso ho phallong ea li-ion tsa chloride
Karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi e na le tšusumetso ea bohlokoa ho bokhoni ba konkreite ho hanela ho ata ha li-ion tsa chloride.. E kholoanyane karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi, e kholoanyane ea chloride ion e tlamang bokhoni ba konkreite.
(3) Tšusumetso ea anti-seepage
Impermeability e bolela bokhoni ba konkreite ho hanela ho kenella ha metsi ka har'a pores ea konkreite. Ka kakaretso, e nyane karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi ea konkreite, e phahameng ho teteana le ho betere ho se kenyellehe. E kholoanyane karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi, li-pores tse ngata tse hokahaneng le tse sa tloaelehang tsa capillary ka har'a konkreite. Porosity ea lejoe la samente ea eketseha 'me metsi a phunyeletsang a matla. Ha karo-karolelano ea metsi-samente e kholo ho feta 0.6, ho se senyehe ha konkreite ho eketseha haholo. Leha ho le joalo, karo-karolelano e nyane haholo ea samente ea metsi ha e tsamaellane le hydration e felletseng ea samente, boima le bona bo tla fokotseha, le ho kenella ha metsi ho tla eketseha. Karolelano ea samente ea metsi nakong ea kaho e lokela ho laoloa ka thata libakeng tse feto-fetohang tsa metsi joalo ka metheo ea meaho ea hydraulic., meaho e bolokang metsi le ho phalla ka hara meaho, le mabota a mapheo, ka kakaretso pakeng tsa 0.38 le 0.4.
(4) Tšusumetso ea antifreeze
Ho hanyetsa serame sa konkreite ho bolela ts'ebetso ea hore konkreite e ke ke ea senyeha 'me matla a ke ke a fokotseha haholo ka mor'a hore a be tlas'a lipotoloho tse ngata tsa leqhoa tlas'a maemo a tšebeliso.. Tšusumetso ea karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi ka ho hanyetsa serame sa konkreite e na le lintlha tse latelang: Ea pele, tekanyo ea samente ea metsi e kholo haholo, 'me sekhahla sa ho teba sa li-aggregates tse nang le li-diameter tse fapaneng tsa likarolo li fapane nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho thothomela, se bakang hore ho be le delamination ya peista le aggregate. Seretse sa samente se phaphamala ka holim'a metsi 'me se na le matla a fokolang a ho khoptjoa. Ha konkreite e senyeha ke leqhoa le ho qhibiliha, ho bonolo ho etsa khoholeho ea mobu. Ka hona, dibakeng tse batang haholo, haholo dibakeng tse leqhoa tse nang le metsi, tekanyo ea samente ea metsi ea konkreite e lokela ho fokotsoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa serame. Ea bobeli, boholo ba lipululana tsa konkreite le sebaka se pakeng tsa li-bubble li fokotseha ha karolelano ea samente ea metsi e fokotseha, le ho eketseha ha karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi e ntse e eketseha. Ha palo ea konkreite e kenang moeeng e tšoana, e kholoanyane karo-karolelano ea metsi-samente, sebaka se seholo sa sebaka sa dipudula, 'me ho hobe le ho feta ho hanyetsa serame sa konkreite ke. Qetellong, ha karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi e ntse e eketseha, kakaretso ea molumo le boholo ba pore ea li-pores tse ka hare ka konkreite li fetoha tse kholo le tse kholoanyane, 'me khatello ea leqhoa le khatello ea ho kenella e hlahisoang nakong ea leqhoa le ho qhibiliha e tla ba kholoanyane, 'me ho hanyetsa serame sa konkreite ho tla fokotseha ka mokhoa o ke keng oa qojoa.
4.Tšusumetso ea karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi ka mapetsong a konkreite
E kholoanyane karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi, ka lehlakore le le leng, metsi a mangata ka har'a motsoako oa konkreite, metsi a mangata a fetoha mouoane, le ho honyela ho hoholo ha polasetiki. Ka hlakoreng le leng, ho eketseha ha karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi ho tla batla ho lelefatsa nako ea ho beha motsoako oa konkreite, lelefatsa nako ea moloko oa matla a konkreite ho hanyetsa shrinkage ea polasetiki, fokolisa matla a ho hanyetsa ho honyela ha polasetiki, 'me konkreite e atisa ho ba le mapetsong. Ha tekanyo ea metsi-samente e tlaase, homogeneity le momahano ea konkreite e ba betere, sebaka sa polasetiki se hlahisoang se nyane, 'me bophara le sebaka sohle sa mapetsong a polasetiki a honyehang a nyane. Ka hona, tlasa maemo a ho fihlela ditlhoko tsa kaho, tekanyo ea samente ea metsi e lokela ho fokotsoa ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.
5.Tšusumetso ea karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi ho shrinkage ea konkreite
Ho fokotseha ha konkreite ho entsoe ka shrinkage ea molumo oa gel ea samente ka boeona (se bitsoang condensation) le ho fokotseha ha molumo ho bakoang ke tahlehelo ea metsi (seo ho thoeng ke ho honyela ho omileng). Karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi e na le tšusumetso e kholo holim'a shrinkage ea ho omisa ea konkreite. E kholoanyane karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi, ho honyela ho hoholo hoa ho omisa. Boleng ba shrinkage ea konkreite e nang le karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi ea 0.6 e mabapi le 40% hodimo ho feta ya 0.4. Tšebeliso e kholo ea metsi a motsoako oa konkreite, ho honyela ho hoholo hoa ho omisa. Ho bohlokoa haholo ho sebelisa li-additives ho laola karo-karolelano ea samente ea metsi le ho sebetsa. Karolelano ea samente e tlase e tlase, mocheso o phahameng oa konkreite ka lebaka la hydration, 'me e kholoanyane boleng ba eona ba pele ba mocheso. The autogenous shrinkage ea konkreite le sekhahla sa eona se eketseha ka tekanyo e nyane ea samente ea metsi. Konkreite e nang le tekanyo e tlase ea samente ea metsi e thatafala. Ho tla ba le ho inyenyefatsa haholo pele ho nako.
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