Low Slump Loss Superplasticizer Agent: Kuyerekeza Kopanda Fluff kwa Mainjiniya Omwe Amafuna Kuchita

Foni inaitana 11 p.m. Malo otumizira anthu anali bata, koma mawu a wotumizayo ananyamula m’mphepete mwa munthu amene akuona tsoka likuchitika pang’onopang’ono. Katundu wa 9-cubic-mita wochita bwino kwambiri konkire, yoti mudzakwere pa mlatho m'bandakucha, anali atakhala pa galimoto 90 mphindi. Magalimoto anali owopsa. Kusakaniza kunali kale kuuma. Mkulu woyang’anira pamalopo anali ndi funso limodzi: Chifukwa chiyani simunagwiritse ntchito chotsitsa chotsika kwambiri cha superplasticizer?

Usiku umenewo mtengo $4,200 mu konkire yokanidwa ndi kuchedwa kwa ndondomeko ya maola 14. Unali mtundu wa zolakwika zomwe zimakumbukiridwa. Ndi mtundu wa vuto lomwe, zitathetsedwa bwino, amakupangitsani kuoneka ngati ngwazi. Nkhaniyi ndi yotsimikizika, ayi-BS kuyerekeza zaukadaulo zomwe zimalepheretsa kuyimba foni kuti zisachitike.

1. Zomwe Wothandizira Wotsika Kwambiri Wotayika wa Superplasticizer Amachitadi (Njira)

Tiyeni tiphe jargon. Chotsitsa madzi chapamwamba kwambiri (HRW) imagunda kwambiri tinthu ta simenti, kuwabalalitsa, zimakupatsirani kutsika kwakukulu-ndiye zatha. Kugwira ntchito kumazimiririka pomwe simenti imayamba kuyenda kwake kwanthawi zonse. A kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono superplasticizer wothandizira amachita zosiyana. Sizimangobalalitsa. Imakulitsa nthawi yolepheretsa ya hydration.

Ganizirani izi ngati kazembe wamankhwala. Imatchinga kwakanthawi malo a C₃A panjere za simenti. Kuphulika koyamba kulipo. Kusungirako kumatalika. Konkriti imakhala yamadzimadzi 60, 90, ngakhale 120 mphindi yayitali kuposa HRWR wamba. Makinawo si matsenga. Ndi mosamala bwino polima zomwe zimachedwetsa kupanga ettringite oyambirira popanda kupha seti yomaliza.

2. Mabanja Awiri Akuluakulu: PCE vs. Naphthalene / Melamine sulfonates

Muli ndi zosankha ziwiri zenizeni. Ndipo mmodzi wa iwo akunama kwa inu za machitidwe ake.

2.1. Polycarboxylate Ether (PCE) Kutengera Low Slump Loss Agents

Uwu ndiye muyeso wamakono. Mamolekyu a PCE ali ndi maunyolo aatali am'mbali omwe amapereka cholepheretsa chosalimba - njira yabwino kwambiri yonenera kuti tinthu tating'ono ta simenti sitingathe kuyandikira mokwanira kuti tiyende.. Kusungidwa kwa slump ndikwabwino kwambiri, nthawi zambiri kuposa 120 mphindi pa mlingo wamba (0.2% ku 0.5% ndi kulemera kwa simenti). Kwa concreting nyengo yotentha (pamwamba 35 °C), PCE-based agents ndi njira yokhayo yodalirika.

Ubwino:

• Kusungika kwapadera kwambiri (1-2 maola osabwerezanso mlingo).
• Kuthekera kwakukulu kochepetsera madzi (mpaka 30-40%).
• Zimagwira ntchito bwino ndi phulusa la ntchentche ndi slag.

kuipa:

• Zomverera pakumwa mopitirira muyeso. Kupitilira 0.6% ndipo mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha kuchepa kwambiri kapena kutaya mphamvu.
• Zosiyana kwambiri ndi simenti. PCE yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino ndi simenti ya Type I ikhoza kulephera ndi C₃A Type III yapamwamba.
• Mtengo wa 2x–3x wochuluka pa lita imodzi kuposa naphthalene.

2.2. Naphthalene kapena Melamine Sulfonate Based Agents

Awa ndi alonda akale. Naphthalene sulfonate (NS) ndi melamine sulfonate (MS) ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito electrostatic repulsion. Iwo ndi otsika mtengo, kukhululuka kwambiri ndi zolakwa za mlingo, ndi kupezeka kwambiri. Koma kusungidwa kwawo kocheperako ndi kocheperako. Nthawi zambiri, mumapeza zenera la mphindi 30-45 kugwa kusanagwe. Kwa maulendo ataliatali, mukukakamizika kuti muwonjezerenso mlingo pamalopo, zomwe zimabweretsa kusinthasintha ndi mutu wa QA.

Ubwino:

• Mtengo wotsika. Nthawi zambiri gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mtengo wa PCE.
• Kugwirizana kwakukulu kwa simenti. Zosasankha zambiri za C₃A.
• Chiwopsezo chochepa cha kuchedwa kowopsa ngati mutamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.

kuipa:

• Kusungika bwino pakugwa. Iwalani chifukwa cha kutentha kapena kunyamula> mphindi 30.
• Kuchepetsa madzi otsika (15%-20%).
• Zingayambitse madontho akuda mu konkire yowala.

3. Kufananiza Magwiridwe: Low Slump Loss vs. Standard HRWR

Apa pali chowonadi kuti ambiri mankhwala datasheets sadzakusonyezani inu. Tidayesa othandizira azamalonda atatu pazosakaniza zokhazikika za OPC (400 kg/m³ simenti, w/c = 0.40, temp = 30 °C) pogwiritsa ntchito ASTM C143 pakadutsa mphindi 15.

Pa 90 mphindi, naphthalene HRWR yokhazikika ndiyosatheka. PCE yokhazikika ndi malire. The low slump loss agent akadali ndi kugwa kwa 190 mm. Ndiko kusiyana pakati pa kutsanulira kopambana ndi katundu wokanidwa.

4. Mlingo ndi Kukhathamiritsa (Palibe Malo Ongoyerekeza)

Mulingo wanthawi zonse wa PCE-based low slump loss loss superplasticizer ndi 0.2% ku 0.5% potengera kulemera kwa simenti. Kwa kusakaniza komwe kuli 400 kg/m³ wa simenti, kuti 0.8 ku 2.0 malita pa kiyubiki mita.

Mlingo wambiri ndi msampha. Kupita pamwamba 0.6% ndi kulemera kwa simenti akhoza kuchedwetsa komaliza anapereka 8 ku 12 maola. M’nyengo yozizira, izo zimapita ku 24+ maola. Mumakhalanso pachiwopsezo chochepetsera mphamvu zopondereza za masiku 28-nthawi zina ndi 10% -15%. Malo okoma ndi mlingo wa 0.35% -0.45% pamapulogalamu ambiri abwinobwino.

Kuchepetsa mlingo ndi kupusa chimodzimodzi. Pansi 0.2%, mumapeza magwiridwe antchito a HRWR ndi phindu losunga ziro. Mumalipira zambiri kwa wothandizirayo ndipo simupeza chilichonse pobwezera. Yesani kusakaniza kwanu. Sinthani mkati 0.05% zowonjezera. Lembani zotsatira zonse.

5. Kugwirizana ndi Cement (C₃A Factor)

Mtundu wa simenti ndikusintha kobisika. C₃A zomwe zili mu simenti zimalamula chilichonse. Ngati C₃A ili pansipa 5% (simenti yolimbana ndi sulfate ya Type V), kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa PCE kudzakupatsani kusunga bwino-nthawi zambiri kupitirira 150 mphindi. Ngati C₃A ili pamwamba 10% (zofala m'masimenti apamwamba kwambiri amtundu wa III), wothandizira yemweyo akhoza kutaya 50% za kuthekera kwake posungira.

Ubwino wa simenti nawonso ndi wofunika. A Blaine fineness pamwamba 4000 cm²/g imathandizira kutulutsa madzi koyambirira komanso kumachepetsa zenera logwira ntchito laothandizira kutaya. Muzochitika izi, simungadalire mlingo wamba. Muyenera kuonjezera ndi 15% -20% kapena kusinthana ndi PCE yotsika-kutaya yotsika yokhala ndi kachulukidwe kapamwamba ka unyolo..

6. Zochitika za Ntchito: Kumene Kutayika Kochepa Kwambiri Kumapeza Ndalama Zake

Simukusowa chotsitsa chotsitsa chotsitsa pakuthira kulikonse. Koma kwa zochitika zitatu zenizeni, sizosankha, ndizovomerezeka.

Konzani-kusakaniza konkire kumalo otentha (ambient > 35 °C). Othandizira okhazikika a HRWR amataya mphamvu pakutentha. Kutsika kumasowa mkati 20 mphindi. Wothandizira kuchepa kwapang'ono kwa PCE amagwira ntchito kwa mphindi 90-120, kukupatsani nthawi yoti muyike ndikumaliza.

Kutumiza konkire kwa nthawi yayitali (nthawi yopita > 45 mphindi). Ngati galimotoyo ili panjira zambiri kuposa 45 mphindi, mukutchova njuga. Wothandizira kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono amachotsa kufunika kokonzanso dosing komanso kusiyanasiyana kwamtundu womwe umagwirizana nawo.

Kutsanulira kwakukulu kosalekeza (maziko, ma slabs, ma bridge decks). Mu kuthirira kwambiri 100 m³, konkire kumbuyo kwa mpope iyenera kukhala yogwira ntchito ngati konkire yomwe idatuluka poyamba. Wothandizira kutsika pang'ono amawonetsetsa kutsika kofanana pakati pa kuthirira konse, kuchepetsa kuzizira ndi kuphatikizika zolakwika.

7. Kuyanjana ndi Zosakaniza Zina (Kugwirizana Matrix)

Low slump loss superplasticizers sagwira ntchito paokha. Amagwirizana kwambiri ndi mankhwala ena.

Othandizira mpweya: PCE-based slump loss agents amatha kugwira mpweya. Pa kusakaniza wamba, kuyembekezera kuwonjezereka kwa mpweya wa 1% -2%.. Muyenera kuchepetsa mlingo wanu wa AEA ndi 20% -30% kuti mulipire. Kulephera kutero kumabweretsa mphamvu yochepa, konkire yapamwamba yomwe imalephera kuyesa mphamvu zopondereza.

Obwezera: Kuwonjezera mchere (mwachitsanzo, citric acid kapena sodium gluconate) pamwamba pa kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono PCE ndi njira yowonetsera kawiri kawiri. Chitani izi pokhapokha ngati mukufuna konkriti yomwe idakali yofewa 30 maola.

Ma Accelerator: Calcium nitrate kapena triethanolamine-based accelerators nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana. Koma calcium chloride (Type C accelerator) siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Imachita zachiwawa ndi ma polima a PCE, kuthyola unyolo wam'mbali ndikupha nthawi yomweyo kusungika kwa kugwa.

8. Zokhudza Zinthu Zomaliza za Konkire

Moyenera dosed, kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono superplasticizer sikuvulaza mphamvu yopondereza ya masiku 28. Pamenepo, chifukwa imalola chiŵerengero chochepa cha w / c pakugwa komweko, nthawi zambiri kumawonjezeka mphamvu ndi 5% -10% poyerekeza ndi kusakaniza kokhazikika kwa HRWR. durability indices (chloride permeability, kukana kuzizira) Sasintha kapena kusintha pang'ono chifukwa cha deser microstructure.

Chiwopsezocho chili pamlingo wokhawokha. Pa 0.5% ndi pamwamba, kutaya mphamvu kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri. Pa 0.7%, mukhoza kuyembekezera a 15% kuchepetsa mphamvu ya masiku 28. Konkriti idzawoneka bwino mugalimoto koma imalephera mu silinda.

9. Njira Zoyesera: Momwe Mungatsimikizire Kusungidwa kwa Slump

Lekani kukhulupirira zikalata. Yesani kusakaniza kwanu. Tsatirani ASTM C143 ndi zosintha izi:

• Chitsanzo cha konkriti pa 0, 30, 60, 90, ndi 120 mphindi mutatha kusakaniza.
• Sungani konkriti mu ng'oma yagalimoto (kapena chidebe chophimbidwa) pa kutentha komwe kumayembekezeredwa pamalo ogwirira ntchito.
• Osakwiyitsanso kapena kuwonjezera madzi pakati pa mayeso.
• Pangani chiwembu vs. nthawi yopindika. Wothandizira kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono ayenera kuwonetsa kutsetsereka kocheperako 30 mm/ola.

Ngati otsetsereka ndi otsetsereka kuposa 50 mm/ola, mlingo wanu ndi wolakwika, kapena wothandizira sakugwirizana ndi simenti yanu.

10. Kuwongolera Kwabwino: Kusintha kwa Minda ndi Kusungirako

Sungani wothandizira pakati 5 °C ndi 35 °C. Kuzizira kumawononga kapangidwe ka polima. Kutentha pamwamba 50 °C imapangitsa kuti madzi onyamula madzi asamasuke, kusintha ogwira zolimba ndende. Yesani mphamvu yokoka yeniyeni kumayambiriro kwa ntchito iliyonse. A 0.02 kupatuka kwa wopanga database kumatanthauza kuti wothandizirayo wasokonezedwa.

Zosintha m'munda ndizosavuta: ngati kutsika kwa mphindi 60 kuli pansipa 150 mm pakusakaniza komwe kumafunikira 180 mm, onjezerani mlingo ndi 0.05% kwa katundu wotsatira. Ngati kutsika kwa mphindi 120 kudakali pamwamba 200 mm ndipo konkriti sikukhazikika 8 maola, mwaledzeretsa. Dulaninso 0.1%.

Mapeto: Wothandizira Wotsika Kwambiri Wotayika Wotsika Kwambiri Womwe Muyenera Kugula

Muli ndi njira ziwiri apa. Mutha kupitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito zida za naphthalene ndikukhulupirira kuti magalimotowa ndi okoma mtima kwa inu. Kapena mukhoza kusiya njuga.

Pambuyo 20 zaka mumakampani awa, Ndawonapo gulu limodzi lazinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa mosalekeza 90+ mphindi zochepa zosungika zodalirika kudutsa simenti zosiyanasiyana ndi nyengo zotentha: PCE-based low slump loss loss superplasticizer agents omwe ali ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kam'mbali komanso inhibitor yokhala ndi hydration..

Tidawunika zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi zamalonda motsutsana ndi zomwe zili pamwambapa. Mmodzi anaonekera: MasterGlenium 7920 (Mtengo wa BASF) ndi Kupatsidwa 195 (GCP Applied Technologies) ndi ma benchmarks. Onse amasunga kutsika pamwamba 200 mm kwa 90 miniti pa 35 °C. Zonsezi zimagwirizana ndi phulusa la ntchentche ndi slag. Onsewa ali ndi mipiringidzo ya mlingo woloseredwa.

Sitepe yochitapo kanthu: Osayitanitsa generic. Imbani foni yanu ya BASF kapena GCP rep lero. Pemphani gulu loyesera ndi simenti yanu yeniyeni ndi aggregate. Yesetsani kuyesa kusungirako kwa ASTM C143 pakadutsa mphindi 30. Osalandira zochepa kuposa 180 mm ndi 90 mphindi. Mlatho wanu, maziko anu, ndi wanu 11 p.m. kuyimba foni kumadalira.

Wopereka
ConcreteAndMore ndi ogulitsa odalirika padziko lonse lapansi opanga zosakaniza za konkriti zogwira ntchito kwambiri komanso mankhwala omanga.. Ndi zaka zaukadaulo wamakampani, timakhazikika popereka mayankho anzeru kuphatikiza ma polycarboxylate superplasticizers, ulusi wa konkriti, defoams, opanga thovu, ndi zida zapamwamba za airgel thermal insulation. Ngati mukufuna konkriti admixture, chonde omasuka kulankhula nafe!