Zowonjezera Konkire Zopepuka | Zida Zapamwamba Zotulutsa thovu pa Ma Cellular Concrete
Zochititsa mantha: Zatha 60% kulephera kwapansi kwa mafakitale kumayamba ngati ming'alu ya tsitsi yomwe imawonekera koyamba 28 masiku. Ndipo apa pali wakupha-zambiri mwa ming'alu imeneyo zikadatha kupewedwa kusankha ufulu ulusi wowonjezera wa konkriti wa pansi pa mafakitale m’malo modalira mawaya wowotcherera.
Ambiri aife kumunda tawotchedwa ndi mauna. Mukudziwa kubowola-“Ingokokani mauna pamene mukutsanulira.” Ndipo theka la nthawi imathera pansi, osachita kanthu. Fibers alibe vuto limenelo. Iwo ali paliponse, mu inchi iliyonse ya kiyubiki. Tiyeni tione momwe tingachitire izi molondola.
Khwerero 1: Sankhani Fiber Type-Chitsulo Chanu, Macro-Synthetic, kapena Micro
Sikuti ulusi wonse uli wofanana. Kusankha kwanu kumadalira mbiri ya katundu ndi ntchito ya slab. Pano pali zosokoneza zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito pa ntchito iliyonse:
- Zitsulo zachitsulo (ASTM A820): Wonyamula katundu. Zabwino kwa katundu wa mafakitale pansi ndi ma forklift traffic kapena katundu wa racking. Amapereka structural post-crack toughness. Yembekezerani mlingo pakati 20-40 kg/m³ (35-65 lb/yd³). Iwo amatero ayi kupewa ming'alu ya pulasitiki - imeneyo si ntchito yawo.
- Macrosynthetic fibers (Chithunzi cha ASTM C1116, Mtundu III): Njira yamakono yachitsulo. Amapereka kulimba kopanda dzimbiri. Wangwiro kwa nkhokwe zosungiramo friji kapena m'malo omwe kudzimbirira kumadetsa nkhawa. Mlingo: 4-8 kg/m³ (6-13 lb/yd³). Amapereka chilimbikitso chachiwiri ndikuwongolera kukana kwamphamvu.
- Ulusi wa Microsynthetic (Chithunzi cha ASTM C1116, Type I): Apolisi a crack poyamba 24 maola. Amayang'anira kung'ambika kwa pulasitiki pochepetsa madzi otuluka magazi komanso kupereka mphamvu zolimba pamene konkriti ikadali yobiriwira. Mlingo: 0.6-1.8 kg/m³ (1-3 lb/yd³). Iwo amatero ayi perekani mphamvu zamapangidwe - musawasokoneze ndi ma macros.
- Zosakaniza: Kuchulukirachulukira pazipinda zololera kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, Zithunzi za VNA). Kuphatikizika kwa ulusi wa macro-synthetic ndi micro-synthetic kumakupatsani inu nonse kuwongolera ming'alu yaubwana komanso kulimba kwanthawi yayitali.. Mumapeza zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Khwerero 2: Chotsani Wire Mesh-Nayi Deta
Ulusi wa Reddit uli wodzaza ndi nkhani zoopsa: “Ndinakweza mawaya ndi mbedza, ndipo idatherabe pansi. Ming'alu paliponse.” Timamva ululu umenewo. Ndiroleni ndikuwonetseni chifukwa chake ulusi umapambana.
| Mbali | Welded Wire Mesh | Ulusi |
|---|---|---|
| Malo mu slab | Osadalirika-nthawi zambiri amathera pansi | Kugawidwa mofanana ponseponse |
| Crack control-kuchepa kwa pulasitiki | Palibe | Zabwino kwambiri (ndi microfiber) |
| Crack control-structural | Wapakati (ngati ali pamalo abwino) | Zabwino kwambiri (ndi zitsulo kapena zazikulu) |
| Ntchito kukhazikitsa | Wapamwamba-amafuna kumangirira, kukweza, ndi kuika | Zochepa zowonjezera pa batch plant kapena malo antchito |
| Kuopsa kwa dzimbiri | Wapamwamba (ngati atawululidwa) | Zochepa (macrosynthetic) kuwongolera (zitsulo) |
Pa tsamba la ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi m'malo mwa mauna kungakupulumutseni 2-3 maola pa 100 m² wa pansi. Ndi ndalama zenizeni. Ndipo mumapeza pansi ndi mphamvu zowonjezereka.
Khwerero 3: Pezani Mlingo ndi Sakanizani Njira Molondola
Apa ndi pamene ambiri aife timasokoneza. Simungathe kungotaya ulusi pamwamba pa zowuma ndikuyembekeza zabwino. Tsatirani izi:
- Thirani madzi poyamba. Onjezani 75% mwa kusakaniza madzi anu ku mgolo.
- Onjezerani coarse aggregate. Izi zimapanga ntchito yowononga.
- Onjezani ulusi pang'onopang'ono. Zazitsulo zachitsulo, lamba wotumizira kapena makina opangira makina ndi abwino kwambiri. Kwa macro-synthetics, onjezani iwo 30-45 masekondi. Tizingwe tating'onoting'ono timatha kulowa ngati chikwama choyezedwa kale.
- Onjezani simenti ndi kuphatikiza bwino. Kenako otsalawo 25% cha madzi.
- Sakanizani za 5-7 mphindi pa liwiro losakaniza (si kusokoneza liwiro). Yang'anani kugawidwa kofanana. Simuyenera kuwona zokopa kapena “zisa za mbalame.”
- cheke chochepa. Yembekezerani kuchepetsedwa kwa 25-50 mm (1-2 mainchesi) poyerekeza ndi konkire wamba. Osawonjezera madzi owonjezera kubwezera-zomwe zimawononga chiŵerengero cha simenti ya madzi ndikufooketsa pansi. Gwiritsani ntchito superplasticizer m'malo ngati pakufunika.
Mlingo uyenera kukhala wolondola. Zazitsulo zachitsulo, gwiritsani ntchito ndendende 25 kg/m³ kwa ntchito yopepuka yamakampani, 35 kg/m³ kwa ntchito yapakatikati, ndi 45 kg/m³ za ntchito yolemetsa (mwachitsanzo, nyundo zogwetsa). Kwa macro-synthetics, malo okoma ndi 6 kg/m³ kwa ntchito zambiri zamakampani.
Khwerero 4: Sinthani Maikidwe Anu ndi Njira Zomaliza
Ili ndi gawo lomwe limapatuka ku chigwa konkire. Ngati munangogwirapo ntchito ndi waya wa waya, muyenera kusintha njira yanu:
- Kusakaniza kolimba ndi bwenzi lanu. Ulusi umachepetsa kugwira ntchito, choncho tsatirani kugwa kwa 75-100 mm (3-4 mainchesi) pa malo. Kusakaniza kolimba kumathandiza kuti ulusi ugawike mofanana ndikulepheretsa kukhazikika.
- Gwiritsani ntchito laser screed kapena roller screed. Ndi ulusi, kunjenjemera truss screed ntchito, koma uyenera kupitiriza kuyenda. Osagwedezeka kwambiri - zomwe zimakankhira ulusi pansi. Gwirani ku 15 masekondi pa kulowetsa kwa vibrator mkati.
- Kusintha kwa nthawi yomaliza. Ulusi, makamaka microsynthetics, kuchepetsa madzi otuluka. Muyenera kuyamba kuyandama ng'ombe ndi kuponya mphamvu 15-30 Mphindi zisanachitike kuposa momwe mungachitire ndi konkriti wamba. Yang'anani kuti pamwamba pawonekere.
- Ulusi wowonekera pamwamba? Izi zimachitika ndi ulusi wachitsulo ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito trowel molawirira kwambiri kapena mwamakani kwambiri. Siyani troweling mwamsanga pamwamba watsekedwa ndi wandiweyani. Zazitsulo zachitsulo, chiphaso chomaliza chokhala ndi chitsulo cholimba chingathe kuziyika. Kwa macro-synthetics, samabwera poyera ngati mutatsatira nthawi yoyenera.
Wogwiritsa ntchito m'modzi wa Reddit adatchulidwa: “Ndinkagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wachitsulo ndipo ndinali ndi nkhalango yokhazikika. Ankayenera kugaya pansi lonse. Phunzirani zovuta - lolani konkriti ikhazikike nthawi yayitali musanapondereze.” Tonse takhalapo.
Khwerero 5: Pangani Zophatikizana ndi Kutsitsa Ndi Ma Fibers Mumalingaliro
Ulusi umasintha masewera kuti apange mgwirizano, koma samathetsa kufunika kolumikizana. Nali buku latsopano la malamulo:
- Kutalikirana kophatikizana kungachuluke. Ndi zitsulo kapena macro fibers, mukhoza danga macheka-odulidwa olowa pa 6-9 mita (20-30 mapazi) m'malo mwa zonse 4.5 mita (15 mapazi) kwa konkriti wamba. Izi zimachepetsa kukonza ndikuwongolera kuyendetsa bwino.
- Kukonzekera kwa subgrade ndikofunikabe. Ma fiber amawonjezera mphamvu, koma samakonza gawo lofewa. Modulus yanu ya subgrade reaction (k - mtengo) ayenera kukhala osachepera 0.05 MPa/mm (50 pci) kwa mafakitale pansi. Gwirizanani ndi 95% kusinthidwa Proctor.
- Kusinthana kwa katundu kudutsa m'malo olumikizirana. Ma aggregates interlock nthawi zambiri amakhala okwanira pamalumikizidwe olimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi, ngati m'lifupi mwake muli pansi 3 mm (1/8 inchi). Kwa ophatikizana olemera kwambiri, ganizirani kuwonjezera madengu a dowel-zingwe zokha sizingasunthire katunduyo pagulu lodulidwa.
- Chotchinga cha nthunzi pamwamba kapena pansi? Ikani chotchinga cha nthunzi mwachindunji pansi pa slab (palibe mchenga pamwamba pake). Ulusi suchepetsa kufunikira kwa choletsa mpweya wopangidwa bwino (Chithunzi cha ASTM E1745, Kalasi A).
M'malo osungiramo mafiriji (pafupifupi -20 ° C), ulusi wopangidwa ndi macro-synthetic kuposa chitsulo chifukwa sachita dzimbiri kuchokera ku chisanu chomwe chimapangika pansi pa kutsekera.. Tawona ulusi wachitsulo ukuchita dzimbiri ndikutuluka pambuyo pake 3 kuzizira kozizira.
Next Move Yanu: Yesani, Musaganize
Penyani!, Sindidzakuuzani kuti mugule chizindikiro china. Ameneyo si kalembedwe kanga. Izi ndi zomwe ndikufuna kuti muchite: Onjezani slab yojambula. Pafupifupi 3mx3m (10 ft x 10 Ft). Gwiritsani ntchito kusakaniza konkire komweko, fiber mtundu, ndi omaliza omwe mukufuna kuwagwiritsa ntchito pa ntchito yeniyeni.
Ndiye chitani izi:
- Dikirani 28 masiku. Tengani 3 ma cores kuchokera pachiwonetsero. Atumizeni ku labu Chithunzi cha ASTM C1609 (flexural toughness test).
- Yang'anani pamtunda wosweka. Werengani ulusi pa inchi imodzi. Ngati muli ndi zochepa kuposa 2 ulusi pa cm² (12 ulusi pa in²), onjezerani mlingo.
- Yang'anani pamwamba. Palibe ulusi wowonekera? Zabwino. Ngati mukuwona ma fiber, sinthani ndondomeko yomaliza.
Konkire kulimbikitsa ulusi kwa mafakitale pansi simatsenga. Iwo ndi chida. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, adzakupatsani malo opitilira nyumbayo. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, udzakhala ukupera ndi kuzigamba kwa zaka. Pangani chithunzithunzi kukhala bwenzi lanu.
Tawona ma data. Takonza zolephera. Tsopano pitani mukathire pansi kuti musaphwanye.
Wopereka
ConcreteAndMore ndi ogulitsa odalirika padziko lonse lapansi opanga zosakaniza za konkriti zogwira ntchito kwambiri komanso mankhwala omanga.. Ndi zaka zaukadaulo wamakampani, timakhazikika popereka mayankho anzeru kuphatikiza ma polycarboxylate superplasticizers, ulusi wa konkriti, defoams, opanga thovu, ndi zida zapamwamba za airgel thermal insulation. Ngati mukufuna konkriti admixture, chonde omasuka kulankhula nafe!