Izongezo zeConcrete eziKhala | Ii-Agents eziFoaming eziSebenza ngokuPhezulu kwiSellula Concrete
Inyaniso eyothusayo: Ngaphezulu 60% Ukusilela komgangatho weshishini kuqala njengokuqhekeka kweenwele ezibonakala ngaphakathi kokuqala 28 iintsuku. Kwaye nanku umbulali-uninzi lwezo ntandabuzo bezinokuthintelwa ukukhetha ekunene iintsinga zokuqinisa ikhonkrithi ukwenzela umgangatho wamashishini endaweni yokuxhomekeka kumnatha wocingo oludityanisiweyo.
Uninzi lwethu ebaleni lutshiswe ngumnatha. Uyayazi i-drill-“Tsala nje umnatha phezulu njengoko ugalela.” Kwaye isiqingatha sexesha iphelela ezantsi, ungenzi nto. Iifayibha azinayo loo ngxaki. Bakho kuyo yonke indawo, kwi-intshi nganye cubic. Makhe sijonge indlela yokwenza oku ngokufanelekileyo.
Inyathelo 1: Khetha iFiber Type-Steel yakho, IMacro-Synthetic, okanye iMicro
Ayizizo zonke iintsinga ziyalingana. Ukhetho lwakho luxhomekeke kwiprofayili yomthwalo kunye nomsebenzi we-slab. Nanku uqhekeko esilusebenzisa kuwo wonke umsebenzi:
- Imicu yentsimbi (I-ASTM A820): Umphakamisi onzima. Ilungele umgangatho wemizi-mveliso onzima kunye ne-forklift traffic okanye imithwalo ye-racking. Babonelela ngesakhiwo emva kokuqhekeka kokuqina. Lindela idosi phakathi 20-40 kg/m³ (35-65 lb/yd³). Benjenjalo hayi ukuthintela iintanda zeplastiki ukushwabana-ayingomsebenzi wabo lowo.
- Iintsinga ze-macro-synthetic (I-ASTM C1116, Uhlobo III): Enye indlela yanamhlanje yentsimbi. Banikezela ngokuqina okungekho mhlwa. Perfect for iindawo zokugcina izikhenkcisi okanye iindawo ezisingqongileyo apho ukuchitheka komhlwa kuyinkxalabo. Umthamo: 4-8 kg/m³ (6-13 lb/yd³). Banikezela ngokuqiniswa kwesibini kunye nokuphucula ukuchasana kwempembelelo.
- Iintsinga zeMicro-synthetic (I-ASTM C1116, Uhlobo I): Amapolisa ecrack okokuqala 24 iiyure. Balawula ukuqhekeka kweplastiki ngokunciphisa amanzi ophayo kunye nokubonelela ngomthamo we-tensile xa ikhonkrithi iseluhlaza. Umthamo: 0.6-1.8 kg/m³ (1-3 lb/yd³). Benjenjalo hayi bonelela ngamandla olwakhiwo-ungawabhidanisi ngeemakhro.
- Imixube: Ixhaphake ngokunyukayo kwimigangatho ephezulu yokunyamezela (umz., Iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zeVNA). Umdibaniso we-macro-synthetic kunye ne-micro-synthetic fibers ikunika nobabini ukulawulwa kokuqhekeka kwasebudaleni kunye nokuqina kwexesha elide.. Ufumana okona kulungileyo kuwo omabini amazwe.
Inyathelo 2: Shiya i-Wire Mesh-Nantsi iData
Imisonto yeReddit izele ngamabali othusayo: “Ndiphakamise i-wire mesh enamagwegwe, kwaye nangoku yaphelela emazantsi. Iintanda kuyo yonke indawo.” Siyayiva loo ntlungu. Makhe ndikubonise ukuba kutheni iintsinga ziphumelela.
| Uphawu | Welded Wire Mesh | Iifayibha |
|---|---|---|
| Isikhundla kwi-slab | Ukungathembeki-kaninzi kuphelela emazantsi | Kusasazwe ngokulinganayo kulo lonke |
| Ukulawulwa kwe-crack-iplastiki iyancipha | Akukho nanye | Egqwesileyo (ngeefiber ezincinci) |
| Ulawulo lwe-crack-structural | Phakathi (ukuba ikwindawo echanekileyo) | Egqwesileyo (ngentsimbi okanye macro) |
| Umsebenzi wokufaka | Phezulu-ifuna ukubotshwa, ukuphakamisa, kunye nokubeka | Incinci-yongeziweyo kwindawo yebhetshi okanye indawo yomsebenzi |
| Umngcipheko wokubola | Phezulu (ukuba ibhengeziwe) | Phantsi (i-macro-synthetic) ukumodareyitha (intsimbi) |
Kwindawo yomsebenzi, ukusebenzisa iintsinga endaweni yemesh kungakusindisa 2-3 iiyure nge 100 m² yomgangatho. Yimali yokwenyani leyo. Kwaye ufumana umgangatho onamandla ahambelanayo.
Inyathelo 3: Fumana i-Dosage kunye neNkqubo yokuxuba ekunene
Apha kulapho uninzi lwethu lugxwala khona. Awungekhe ulahle nje iintsinga ngaphezulu komdibaniso owomileyo kwaye unethemba lokona kulungileyo. Landela olu landelelwano:
- Beka amanzi kuqala. Yongeza 75% wamanzi akho owaxuba kwigubu.
- Yongeza i-coarse aggregate. Oku kudala isenzo sokucoca.
- Yongeza iifiber ngokukhawuleza. Kwimicu yentsimbi, ibhanti lokuhambisa okanye i-automated dispenser ingcono. Yemakhro-synthetics, wongeze ngaphezulu 30-45 imizuzwana. Iifiber ezincinci zinokungena njengengxowa esele ilinganisiwe.
- Yongeza i-samente kunye nokudibanisa okulungileyo. Emva koko eseleyo 25% ngamanzi.
- Xuba ukwenzela 5-7 imizuzu ngesantya sokuxuba (isantya esingaphazamisiyo). Jonga ukuhanjiswa okufanayo. Akufanele ubone i-clumps okanye “iindlwane zeentaka.”
- Ukujonga i-slump. Lindela ukuncitshiswa kwe 25-50 mm (1-2 intshi) xa kuthelekiswa nekhonkrithi ecacileyo. Musa ukongeza amanzi angaphezulu ukuhlawula-oko kutshabalalisa umlinganiselo wamanzi-samente kwaye unciphise umgangatho. Sebenzisa i-superplasticizer endaweni yoko ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Umthamo kufuneka uchaneke. Kwimicu yentsimbi, sebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo 25 kg/m³ ngomsebenzi olula woshishino, 35 kg/m³ ngomsebenzi ophakathi, kwaye 45 kg/m³ ngomsebenzi onzima (umz., iihamile zokuwisa). Yemakhro-synthetics, indawo emnandi 6 kg/m³ kwizicelo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso.
Inyathelo 4: Lungisa ukubekwa kwakho kunye neendlela zokugqiba
Le yinxalenye ephambukayo ethafeni ikhonkrithi. Ukuba ukhe wasebenza kuphela ngomnatha wocingo, kufuneka utshintshe indlela yakho:
- Umxube oqinileyo ngumhlobo wakho. Iifayibha zinciphisa ukusebenza, ke jolise ukudodobala kwe 75-100 mm (3-4 intshi) kwindawo yokubekwa. Umxube oqinileyo unceda ukugcina iintsinga zisasazwe ngokulinganayo kwaye zithintele ukuba zingahlali.
- Sebenzisa i-laser screed okanye i-roller screed. Ngemicu, i-screed ye-truss engcangcazelayo isebenza, kodwa kufuneka uqhubeke uhamba. Musa ukungcangcazela kakhulu-okutyhala iintsinga phantsi. Ncamathela kwi 15 imizuzwana ngofakelo ngalunye kwiivibrators zangaphakathi.
- Ukugqiba utshintsho lwexesha. Iifayibha, ingakumbi micro-synthetics, ukunciphisa amanzi ophayo. Kuya kufuneka uqale ukudada kwinkunzi kunye nokubhuqa ngamandla 15-30 imizuzu ngaphambili kunokuba ubuya kwenza ngekhonkrithi ecacileyo. Jonga umphezulu ukuba ulahlekelwe bukukhanya kwawo.
- Iintsinga eziveziweyo kumphezulu? Oku kwenzeka ngeentsinga zentsimbi ukuba usebenzisa i-trowel kwangoko kakhulu okanye ngokugqithisileyo. Yeka uku-troweling ngokukhawuleza ukuba umphezulu uvaliwe kwaye uxinene. Kwimicu yentsimbi, ukupasa kokugqibela kunye netrowel yentsimbi eqinile inokuzifakela. Yemakhro-synthetics, azifane zize kumphezulu ukuba ulandela ixesha elifanelekileyo.
Omnye umsebenzisi weReddit ukhankanyiwe: “Ndandisebenzisa iintsinga zentsimbi yaye ndandinehlathi elincamathelayo. Kwafuneka ndisile wonke umgangatho. Ufunde ngendlela enzima-yeka ikhonkrithi imiswe ixesha elide phambi kokuba ubhuqe.” Besikhona sonke.
Inyathelo 5: Idizayini yoyilo kunye nokuHlelela ngeeFibers engqondweni
Iifayibha zitshintsha umdlalo kuyilo oludibeneyo, kodwa aziyiphelisi imfuneko yamalungu. Nantsi incwadi yomthetho entsha:
- Izithuba ezidibeneyo zinokunyuka. Ngentsimbi okanye iifibers ezinkulu, uyakwazi isithuba sarha-cut amalungu kwi 6-9 iimitha (20-30 iinyawo) endaweni yesiqhelo 4.5 iimitha (15 iinyawo) ukwenzela ikhonkrithi ecacileyo. Oku kunciphisa ukugcinwa kunye nokuphucula ukukhwela.
- Ukulungiswa komgangatho osezantsi kusabalulekile. Iifayibha zongeza ukuqina, kodwa abalulungisi umgangatho othambileyo. Imodyuli yakho yokusabela komgangatho osezantsi (k-ixabiso) kufuneka ubuncinane 0.05 MPa/mm (50 pci) kwimigangatho yemizi-mveliso. Qhagamshelana ukuya 95% iProctor elungisiweyo.
- Ukuhanjiswa komthwalo kuwo wonke amalungu. I-aggregates interlock ihlala yanele kwi-fiber-reinforced joints, ukuba ububanzi obudibeneyo buhlala phantsi 3 mm (1/8 intshi). Kumalungu anzima, cinga ukongeza i-dowel iibhasikithi-iifayibha zodwa aziyi kudlulisela umthwalo kwi-joint-cut joint.
- Isithintelo somphunga ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi? Beka umqobo womphunga ngokuthe ngqo phantsi kwe-slab (akukho maleko yesanti phezu kwayo). Iifayibha aziyinciphisi imfuno yeretarder yomphunga eyilwe ngokufanelekileyo (I-ASTM E1745, Iklasi A).
Kwiindawo zokugcina izikhenkcisi (eqhelekileyo -20°C), Iintsinga zemacro-synthetic zigqwesa intsimbi ngenxa yokuba azikhuphuki kwi-condensation yeqabaka eyenzeka phantsi kwesigqubuthelo.. Siye sabona iintsinga zentsimbi zirusa kwaye ziphuma emva 3 imijikelo yokunyibilika komkhenkce.
Intshukumo yakho elandelayo: Uvavanyo, Musa ukuQikelela
Jonga, Andiyi kukuxelela ukuba uthenge uphawu oluthile. Ayisiso isitayile sam eso. Nantsi into endifuna uyenze: Odola icwecwe lokuhlekisa. Ubuncinci 3m x 3m (10 ft x 10 ft). Sebenzisa umxube ochanekileyo, ifayibha uhlobo, kunye nokugqiba iqela oceba ukulisebenzisa kumsebenzi wokwenyani.
Emva koko yenza oku:
- Yima 28 iintsuku. Thatha 3 iicores ezivela kwi-mockup. Zithumele elebhu ukuze I-ASTM C1609 (uvavanyo lokuqina kwe-flexural).
- Jonga indawo eqhekekileyo. Bala iintsinga ngokwe-intshi nganye. Ukuba unazo ezimbalwa kune 2 iintsinga nge-cm² nganye (12 iintsinga nge-in²), ukwandisa umthamo.
- Jonga umphezulu. Akukho zintsinga eziveziweyo? Kulungile. Ukuba ubona imicu, lungisa ishedyuli yokugqiba.
Ekhonkrithi iintsinga zokuqinisa umgangatho woshishino asingomlingo. Zisisixhobo. Isetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo, baya kukunika umgangatho ophuma ngaphandle kwesakhiwo. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi, uya kube usila kwaye uqweba iminyaka. Yenza umfanekiso wakho ube ngumhlobo wakho.
Siye sabona idatha. Sizilungisile iintsilelo. Ngoku hamba ugalele umgangatho ongayi kuqhekeka.
Umthengisi
I-ConcreteAndMore ngumthengisi othembekileyo wehlabathi jikelele wezinto ezixubeneyo zekonkrithi ezisebenza kakhulu kunye neekhemikhali zokwakha.. Ngeminyaka yobungcali kwishishini, Sisebenza ngokukhethekileyo ekuboneleleni ngezisombululo ezintsha eziquka iipolycarboxylate superplasticizers, imicu yekhonkrithi, defoamers, ii-arhente zogwebu, kunye neemveliso zokugquma ubushushu be-airgel. Ukuba unomdla kwi-concrete admixture, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi!